Method and apparatus of hot tapping multiple coaxial or nested strings of underwater piping and/or tubing for overturned wells or platforms

ABSTRACT

A method and apparatus for tapping into a pressurized multiple strings of coaxially situated tubulars for wells and/or platforms which have overturned wherein the tapping occurs underwater via a diver or remotely operated vehicle. The assembly includes a tapping tool connectable to the tubular via a saddle connection and an adjustable tapping clamp with adjustable support/locking feet, compression plate with view ports, and angularly adjustable hot tapping system, along with a drill/saw system.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of PCT Patent Application serialnumber PCT/US2010/029389, with international filing date 31 Mar. 2010,which PCT application claimed priority of (and is a non-provisional of)U.S. Provisional patent application Ser. No. 61/165,475, filed 31 Mar.2009. Priority of both of these applications are hereby claimed and bothare expressly incorporated herein by reference.

STATEMENT REGARDING FEDERALLY SPONSORED RESEARCH OR DEVELOPMENT

Not applicable

REFERENCE TO A “MICROFICHE APPENDIX”

Not applicable

BACKGROUND

Abandonment Procedure for wells on a platform that has fallen over.There are basically two ways to restore control of the wells on aplatform that has fallen over. Abandon the wells completely in the orderthey are accessed, or remove the bent or broken portion of the well andinstall a subsea wellhead. However, when removing the bent or brokenpart of the pipe such piping may still be under pressure such pressuredealt with before removal. Otherwise, a blow out could occur.

The present invention relates to the hot tapping multiple coaxialstrings of underwater piping and/or tubing for overturned wells and/orplatforms.

Under pressure drilling or hot tapping is the process of drilling into apressured pipe or vessel using special equipment and procedures toensure that the pressure and fluids are safely contained when access ismade. The most common example of a hot tap is into a pressured pipeline.A typical hot tap assembly consists of a saddle assembly with adoughnut-type elastomer pack off, two outboard full-bore flanged valves,a tee assembly and the hot tapping device.

A conventional hot tap device has a polished rod and pack-off assemblywhich allows movement in the longitudinal direction, as well as rotationwhile maintaining a seal. A drill bit is installed on the end of thepolished rod to drill into the vessel. The means to turn the polishedrod may be manual, or by air or hydraulic-generated torque. A threadedsleeve feeds the polish rod assembly and provides the force to resistthe pressure area effect that would tend to blow out the polished rod.

SUMMARY

In one embodiment is provided a hot tapping method and apparatus whichcan hot tap one or more multiple coaxial strings of underwater pipingand/or tubing for overturned wells and/or platforms.

In one embodiment is provided a clamping system which has angularadjustment of tapping tool both up and down and side to side, in aspherical manner.

In one embodiment the adjustable angular offset of hot tapping tool inthe compression plate (500 and/or 600) can be at least about 0, 1, 2, 3,4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22,23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40,41, 42, 43, 44, and 45 degrees from a perpendicular to compressionplate. In one embodiment the adjustable angular offset is between aboutany two of the above specified angles. In one embodiment the angularoffset is changed while the tool is attached to the outermost pipe ortubular. In one embodiment the angular offset is changed while the toolis attached to the outermost pipe or tubular and the clamp housing ofthe tool is not moved during the rotational adjustment.

In one embodiment the clamping system for the hot tapping tool can havea rotationally adjustable compression opening which can be can berotationally adjustable in at least 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11,12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29,30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 50, 55,60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, and 90 degree increments. In one embodiment therotational adjustability is between about any two of the above specifiedangular increments. In one embodiment the rotational adjustment occurswhile the tool is attached to the outermost pipe or tubular. In oneembodiment the rotational adjustment occurs while the tool is attachedto the outermost pipe or tubular and the clamp housing of the tool isnot moved during the rotational adjustment.

In one embodiment one or more openings provide visual access to pipesand the area of hot tapping seal even while hot tapping tool is mountedon the clamp.

In one embodiment hot tapping tool can have one or more viewing windowsto optically view the tip of the hot tapping tool even when the clampingsystem is attached to the clamping system and inserted into one or morenested tubulars. In one embodiment the two, three and four viewingwindows are provided on a compression plate.

In one embodiment the hot tapping tool can have a longitudinallyadjustable compression plate in which the rotationally adjustable swivelnut is operably attached. In one embodiment the swivel nut can bethreadably connected to a hot tapping mandrel or barrel therebyproviding two manners of longitudinally applying compression on the hottapping tip of the hot tap tool (the first being a plurality of boltsand nuts along the circumference of the compression plate and the secondbeing the threaded connection between the swivel nut and the barrel ormandrel).

In one embodiment is provided a method and apparatus where two hottapping tools 2000, 2000′ are simultaneously connected to a single clampand two coaxially nested pipes or tubulars are simultaneously hottapped. In one embodiment each of the hot tapping tools simultaneouslytapping nested tubulars are each independently angular adjustable toeffect a hot tapping seal.

In one hot tapping system is mounted on a pipe which is substantiallyout of round in a non-symmetrical manner. In one embodiment, afterjetting, system 10 is mounted below the sea floor on a substantially outof round pipe. In one embodiment the sea floor is jetted clear of pipe30 between 1 and 30, 1 and 25, 1 and 20, 1 and 15, 1 and 14, 1 and 13, 1and 12, 1 and 11, 1 and 10, 1 and 9, 1 and 8, 1 and 7, 1 and 6, and 1and 5 feet. In one embodiment the sea floor is jetted clear of pipe 30between 2 and 30, 2 and 25, 2 and 20, 2 and 15, 2 and 14, 2 and 13, 2and 12, 2 and 11, 2 and 10, 2 and 9, 2 and 8, 2 and 7, 2 and 6, and 2and 5 feet.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWINGS

For a further understanding of the nature, objects, and advantages ofthe present invention, reference should be had to the following detaileddescription, read in conjunction with the following drawings, whereinlike reference numerals denote like elements and wherein:

FIG. 1 is an overall perspective view of a platform which has fallenover and needs to be plugged and abandoned (with two riser pipingsystems although up to 24 or more riser piping systems can be seen).

FIG. 2 is a perspective view illustrating the step of lowering oneembodiment of hot tap housing (two plate embodiment) and attaching thehousing to one of the riser piping systems below the bend in the riser.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view illustrating the step of tightening the hottap housing (two plate embodiment) below the bend in the riser.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view illustrating the step of lowering the hottap tool along with the circular thrust/articulating plate and hot taptip and housing which will be attached to the hot tap housing for hottapping one or more of the nested tubulars.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view illustrating the step of hot tapping one ormore of the nested tubulars where the hot tap tool is rotativelyconnected to the circular thrust/articulating plate at a selectedrotational position. The one or more windows in the thrust plate allowthe user to see the tip of the hot tap tool to obtain a good positionbetween the hot tap tip and the nested tubular being hot tapped.

FIG. 6 is a closeup perspective view of the circular thrust/articulatingplate after being connected to the hot tap housing at a differentrotational position compared to the connection shown in FIG. 5.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view illustrating the step of lowering a saw andattaching the saw to the hot tap housing (shown in FIG. 8). The saw canbe pivotally attached to the hot tap housing via a pin on one side and asupport plate on another side (the saw also has an articulating andsliding support join for the rotating saw shaft).

FIG. 8 shows the saw attached to the hot tap housing and positioned tomake a cut in one of the nested tubulars.

FIG. 9 is a closeup perspective view of a diver using the hot tap tool.

FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a diver using the articulating saw.

FIG. 11 is an overall perspective view of one embodiment showing adouble plate saddle assembly with a single main opening compressionplate.

FIG. 12 is a top view of the embodiment shown in FIG. 11.

FIG. 13 is a side wire frame side view of an embodiment showing the hottapping of an inner tubing.

FIG. 14 includes front and top views of the embodiment shown in FIG. 13.

FIG. 15 shows rear and bottom views of the embodiment shown in FIG. 13.

FIG. 16 is a schematic top view of the embodiment shown in FIG. 11illustrating the step of hot tapping of a first exterior pipe.

FIG. 17 is a schematic top view of the embodiment shown in FIG. 11schematically illustrating the step of making an opening in the firstexterior pipe.

FIG. 18 is a schematic top view of the embodiment shown in FIG. 11illustrating the step of hot tapping of a second interior pipe.

FIG. 19 is a schematic top view of the embodiment shown in FIG. 11illustrating the step of hot tapping of a second interior pipe where thehot tapping tool is angularly offset from a perpendicular to assist inmaking the hot tapping seal between the tip and the pipe.

FIG. 20 is a schematic top view of the embodiment shown in FIG. 11schematically illustrating the step of making an opening in the secondpipe.

FIG. 21 is a schematic top view of the embodiment shown in FIG. 11illustrating the step of hot tapping of a third interior pipe.

FIG. 22 is a schematic top view of the embodiment shown in FIG. 11schematically illustrating the step of making an opening in the thirdpipe.

FIG. 23 is a schematic top view of the embodiment shown in FIG. 11illustrating the step of hot tapping of a fourth pipe or tubing wherethe hot tapping tool is angularly offset from a perpendicular to assistin making the hot tapping seal between the tip and the pipe.

FIG. 24 is a schematic top view of the embodiment shown in FIG. 11illustrating the step of hot tapping of a fourth pipe or tubing wherethe hot tapping tool is angularly offset from a perpendicular to assistin making the hot tapping seal between the tip and the pipe, along withthe step of using a second tool to provide support for the tubing whenmaking a seal between the hot tapping tool and the tubing.

FIG. 25 is a rear view of one embodiment of a compression plate wherethe main opening is offset from the center with the plate havingmultiple view openings.

FIG. 26 is a sectional view of the compression plate of FIG. 25 takenthrough the line A-A.

FIG. 27 is a rear view of one embodiment of a compression plate wherethe main opening is not offset from the center with the plate havemultiple view openings.

FIG. 28 is a sectional view of the compression plate of FIG. 27 takenthrough the line A-A.

FIG. 29 is a front view of one embodiment of piece of a two piececompression plate where the two piece compression plate has two mainopenings both of which are offset from the center.

FIG. 30 is a sectional view of the compression plate of FIG. 19 takenthrough the line A-A.

FIG. 31 is a side view of the compression plate of FIG. 29.

FIG. 32 is a side view of one embodiment of a swivel nut.

FIG. 33 is a rear view of the swivel nut of FIG. 32.

FIG. 34 is a sectional view of the swivel nut of FIG. 32 taken throughthe line A-A.

FIG. 35 is a perspective view of one embodiment of a detachable supportfoot.

FIG. 36 is a perspective view of one embodiment of a tip for the hottapping tool.

FIG. 37 is a perspective view of the articulating drill system of thepresent invention where the system is swung away from the plate.

FIG. 38 is a perspective view of the articulating drill system of FIG.37 here the system is connected to the plate, perpendicular to same andin the center of main plate opening.

FIG. 39 is a top view of the articulating drill system of FIG. 37.

FIG. 40 is a top view of the articulating drill system of FIG. 37 wherethe system is connected to the plate, perpendicular to same and in thecenter of main plate opening with the drill tip having passed throughmain plate opening.

FIG. 41 is a top view of the articulating drill system of FIG. 37 wherethe system is connected to the plate, perpendicular to same and in thecenter of main plate opening with the double arrow schematicallyindicating that drill tip can move back and forth through main plateopening.

FIG. 42 is a top view of the articulating drill system of FIG. 37 wherethe system is connected to the plate, angled from same and in the centerof main plate opening with the two sets of double arrows schematicallyindicating that drill tip can move back and forth through main plateopening along with rotating back and forth.

FIG. 43 is a top view of the articulating drill system of FIG. 39 wherethe system is connected to the plate, perpendicular to same and offsetin the left direction of the arrow from the center of main plateopening.

FIG. 44 is a top view of the articulating drill system of FIG. 39 wherethe system is connected to the plate, perpendicular to same and offsetin the right direction of the arrow from the center of main plateopening.

FIG. 45 is a top view of the articulating drill system of FIG. 39 wherethe system is connected to the plate, perpendicular to same and offsetin the left direction of the arrow from the center of main plate openingand the drill tip is passed through the main opening.

FIG. 46 is a top view of the articulating drill system of FIG. 39 wherethe system is connected to the plate, angled from a perpendicular tosame as indicated by the arrows, where and the drill tip is passedthrough the main opening.

FIG. 47 is a top view of the articulating drill system of FIG. 39 wherethe system is connected to the plate, perpendicular to same and offsetin the right direction of the arrow from the center of main plateopening and the drill tip is passed through the main opening.

FIG. 48 is a perspective view of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 with cutouts made in two of the pipes/tubular to hot tap the innermost tubular.

FIG. 49 is a front view of FIG. 48.

FIG. 50 is a top view of FIG. 48.

FIGS. 51 through 53 show the eccentric compression plate with the mainopening respectively at the 3, 6, and 9 O'clock positions to illustratevarious modes of rotation adjustment of eccentric main opening.

FIG. 54 is a perspective view of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 but witheccentric compression plate of FIG. 15 with main opening at the 3O'clock position, and with cut outs made in two of the pipes/tubular tohot tap the innermost tubular.

FIG. 55 is a front view of FIG. 54.

FIG. 56 is a top view of FIG. 54.

FIG. 57 is a perspective view of the preferred embodiment, but withdouble main opening compression plate schematically indicating thesimultaneous hot tapping of two pipes or tubulars with the same clamp.

FIG. 58 is a front view of FIG. 57.

FIG. 59 is a top view of FIG. 57.

FIG. 60 is a perspective view showing the two plate embodiment beingplaced on the riser piping system.

FIG. 61 is a perspective view showing the one plate and chain embodimentbeing placed on the riser piping system.

FIG. 62 is a schematic top view of the embodiment shown in FIG. 61illustrating the step of hot tapping of a first exterior pipe.

FIG. 63 is a schematic top view of the embodiment shown in FIG. 61schematically illustrating the step of making an opening in the firstexterior pipe.

FIG. 64 is a schematic top view of the embodiment shown in FIG. 61illustrating the step of hot tapping of a second interior pipe whereinthe second interior pipe is concentrically located within the firstpipe.

FIG. 65 is a schematic top view of the embodiment shown in FIG. 61illustrating the step of hot tapping of a second interior pipe whereinthe second interior pipe is non-concentrically located (angularly offsetfrom a perpendicular) within the first pipe.

FIG. 66 is a schematic top view of the embodiment shown in FIG. 61schematically illustrating the step of making an opening in the secondpipe.

FIG. 67 is a schematic top view of the embodiment shown in FIG. 61illustrating the step of hot tapping of a third interior pipe whereinthe third interior pipe is concentrically located within the first pipe.

FIG. 68 is a schematic top view of the embodiment shown in FIG. 61illustrating the step of hot tapping of a third interior pipe whereinthe third interior pipe is non-concentrically located (angularly offsetfrom a perpendicular) within the first pipe.

FIG. 69 is a schematic top view of the embodiment shown in FIG. 61schematically illustrating the step of making an opening in the thirdpipe.

FIG. 70 is a schematic top view of the embodiment shown in FIG. 61illustrating the step of hot tapping of a fourth pipe or tubing wherethe hot tapping tool is angularly offset from a perpendicular to assistin making the hot tapping seal between the tip and the pipe along withpushing the fourth pipe or tubing back, and to a location where itcontacts the third interior pipe and enough backward resistance by thefourth pipe or tubing to maintain a good seal between the tip of the hottap tool and the surface of the fourth pipe or tubing.

FIG. 71 is a schematic top view illustrating the step of hot tapping ofa fourth pipe or tubing where the hot tapping tool is angularly offsetfrom a perpendicular to assist in making the hot tapping seal betweenthe tip and the pipe, along with the step of using a second tool toprovide support for the tubing when making a seal between the hottapping tool and the tubing.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

FIG. 1 shows a damaged marine platform 1. The platform 1 can be anyoffshore or marine platform such as a drilling platform, productionplatform or the like. Such a platform is normally supported by anunderwater jacket 4 that is anchored to seabed 2. When a fierce stormsuch as a hurricane strikes, the upper 5 can be separated from jacket 4by wind and wave action at water surface area 3. Upper 5 can be anyknown above water upper such as drilling (e.g. derrick 7) or productionstructures having one or more decks 6.

When a hurricane separates upper 5 from jacket 4, tubulars 50 can remainunder pressure though bent at bends 8 as shown. Often, multiple nestedtubulars are present (see FIGS. 11-24 and 60-71).

One embodiment includes a method and apparatus 10 for hot tapping astring of a plurality of coaxially pipes or tubing systems. Theplurality of pipes can include first pipe 50, second pipe 60, third pipe70, and fourth pipe or tubing 80. Between first and second pipes isannular space 62. Between second and third pipes is annular space 72.Between third and fourth pipes is annular space 82 (see FIGS. 16 and60-71).

In one embodiment system 10 can include adjustable clamp 100 (see FIGS.2-24). In one embodiment adjustable clamp 100 can include first andsecond plates 200, 200′ and are threadably connected to each other andcan be frictionally connected to a pipe. In one embodiment first andsecond plates 200, 200′ are structurally identical to each other andonly one will be described below.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view illustrating the step of lowering oneembodiment of hot tap housing 100 (two plate embodiment) and a diver 9attaching the housing to one of the riser piping systems (e.g. nestedtubulars 50, 60, 70, 80) below the bend 8 in the riser 50, 60, 70, 80.FIG. 3 is a perspective view illustrating the step of the diver 9tightening the hot tap housing 100 (two plate embodiment) below the bendin the riser. FIG. 4 is a perspective view illustrating the step oflowering to a diver 9 (from a surface vessel, not shown) the hot taptool 2000 along with the circular thrust/articulating plate and hot taptip and housing which will be attached to the hot tap housing 100 forhot tapping one or more of the nested tubulars 50, 60, 70, 80.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view illustrating the step of a diver 9 hottapping one or more of the nested tubulars 50, 60, 70, 80 where the hottap tool is rotatively connected to the circular thrust/articulatingplate at a selected rotational position. The one or more windows in thethrust plate allow the user (e.g. diver 9) to see the tip of the hot taptool 2000 to obtain a good position between the hot tap tip and thenested tubular 50 or 60 or 70 or 80 being hot tapped.

FIG. 6 is a closeup perspective view of the circular thrust/articulatingplate after being connected to the hot tap housing 100 at a differentrotational position compared to the connection shown in FIG. 5. FIG. 7is a perspective view illustrating the step of lowering a saw 1100 to adiver 9.

One embodiment includes a method and apparatus for hot tapping a stringof a plurality of coaxially pipes or tubing systems.

The plurality of pipes can include first pipe 50, second pipe 60, thirdpipe 70, and fourth pipe or tubing 80. Between first and second pipes isannular space 62. Between second and third pipes is annular space 72.Between third and fourth pipes is annular space 82.

In one embodiment system 10 can include adjustable clamp 100. In oneembodiment adjustable clamp 100 can include first and second plates 200,200′ and are threadably connected to each other and can be frictionallyconnected to a pipe. In one embodiment first and second plates 200, 200′are structurally identical to each other and only one will be describedbelow.

In one embodiment first plate 200 can comprise first side 210, secondside 220, a main opening 230, and a plurality of openings 240 forsupporting a compression plate. Main opening 230 is designed to allowaccess through first plate 200 (from first side 210 and through secondside 220).

Detachably connectable to first plate 200 can be a plurality (andpreferably four (4)) support feet 350, 360, 370, 380 (see FIGS. 11-24and 35). Each support foot can be structurally the same and only onewill be described below. In one embodiment each support foot can includea base 390 and a curved surface 392. Preferably the curved surface willhave substantially the same radius of curvature of the pipe to whichsurface 392 will contact. In one embodiment a traction system isincluded on curved surface 392, and can include traction bar 394 andtraction bar 396. In one embodiment one or more of the traction bars canbe detachable connected to curved surface 392.

In one embodiment one or more of the support feet can be detachablyconnectable to first plate 200. In one embodiment such detachableconnection can be by means of a plurality of fasteners. In oneembodiment support feet 350, 360, 370, 380 can respectively bedetachably attached to sets of foot support openings 250, 260, 270, 280.In one embodiment support plate 200 includes at least one additional setof support openings 252, 262, 272, 282 to provide adjustability ofposition of attachment of the particular support feet. In one embodimenttwo or more additional sets of support openings are provided. In oneembodiment a plurality of different sized support feet with differingradii of curvature are also provided. By providing different sizedsupport feet with differing radii of curvature along with providedmultiple positioned support openings, attachment of a large range ofpipes can be made with first and second plates 200, 200′. In oneembodiment the same support plates 200,200′ can be used with multiplesized piping systems.

In one embodiment support feet 350, 360, 370, 380 can be slidinglyconnected to support plate 200. Although not shown in the drawings,sliding connection can be by means of attachment slots instead ofsupport openings 250,260,270, 280 with fasteners being used to lock inplace the desired location.

In one embodiment clamp 100 with support feet 350, 360, 370, 380 andsupport feet 350′, 360′, 370′, 380′ can be used to attach clamp to afirst pipe 50 that is substantially non-symmetrically out of round. Inone embodiment the system will be used on pipes 50 that are part of awell or platform that has collapsed or fallen over. Because it hascollapsed or fallen over such first or outer pipe can be substantiallymisshapen. In the prior art system a substantially smooth curved supportplate is used which has difficulty attaching to out of round pipingsystems—especially those that are not symmetrical. However, it isbelieved that a substantially stable connection can be made when anythree of the four support feet 350, 360, 370, 380 contact the outersurface of first pipe 50. In this manner one embodiment of clamp 100 canbe used to attach to non-symmetrically out of round piping. In anotherembodiment support feet 350, 360, 370, 380 can be placed innon-symmetrical positions 250, 262 (instead of 260), 270, 280. Inanother embodiment support feet 350, 360, 370, 380 can be of differingsizes (e.g., radii of curvature) to accommodate the non-symmetrical outof roundness of first pipe 50.

In one embodiment one or more of the annular spaces 62, 72, and/or 82can be monitored by the divers operating the system 10. In oneembodiment a video of the hot tapping, drilling, and/or cuttingoperations can be taken including viewing the annular spaces 62, 72,and/or 82 during such hot tapping, drilling, and/or cutting operationsthereby allowing remote monitoring of such operations by operators onthe surface of the water.

Compression Plate Embodiments

In one embodiment compression plate 500 can be detachably connected tofirst plate 200 (see FIGS. 4-6, 9, and 11-28). In one embodimentcompression plate can comprise first and second sides 510, 520 alongwith a main opening 550. In one embodiment main opening 550 can includea tapered area 560. In one embodiment main opening 550 can be offset 552from center point of compression plate 500. In one embodimentcompression plate 500 can include a plurality of viewing openings 580,582, 584. In one embodiment a fourth viewing area 586 can be providedsuch as when main opening does not have an offset 552.

In one embodiment one or more openings provide visual access to pipesand the area of hot tapping seal even while hot tapping tool is mountedon the clamp. In one embodiment hot tapping tool can have one or moreviewing windows to optically view the tip of the hot tapping tool evenwhen the clamping system is attached to the clamping system 100 andinserted into one or more nested tubulars (e.g., 50, 60, and/or 70). Inone embodiment two, three, and/or four viewing windows are provided on acompression plate 500.

During drilling, cutting, and tapping operations viewing areas 580, 582,584, and 586 can provide visual access to the space between second side220 of first plate 200 and exterior of first pipe 50. Additionally, whenan opening is made in first pipe 50 visual access can be provided toannular space 62 along with second pipe 60 during drilling, cutting, andtapping operations (without the need to remove/reposition clamp 100).When an opening is made in second pipe 60 visual access can be providedto annular space 72 along with third pipe 70 during drilling, cutting,and tapping operations (without the need to remove/reposition clamp100). When an opening is made in third pipe 70 visual access can beprovided to annular space 82 along with fourth pipe or tubing 80 duringdrilling, cutting, and tapping operations (without the need toremove/reposition clamp 100). Such visual access can be greatlybeneficial during drilling, cutting, and tapping operations.

In one embodiment the hot tapping tool can have a longitudinallyadjustable compression plate in which the rotationally adjustable swivelnut is operably attached. In one embodiment the swivel nut can bethreadably connected to a hot tapping mandrel or barrel therebyproviding two manners of longitudinally applying compression on the hottapping tip of the hot tap tool (the first being a plurality of boltsand nuts along the circumference of the compression plate and the secondbeing the threaded connection between the swivel nut and the barrel ormandrel).

In one embodiment support plate 200 can include a plurality of threadedfasteners 242 attached to the plurality of openings 240. In oneembodiment compression plate 500 can also include a plurality of supportopenings 530 which are symmetrically radially spaced to fit plurality ofthreaded fasteners 242. In one embodiment a plurality of nuts can beused to slidingly affix compression plate 500 to support plate 200.Additionally, symmetrically spacing fasteners 242 about a circle allowsfor rotational/radial adjustment of compression plate 500 relative tosupport plate 200 (and relative to first pipe 50 when clamp 100 isattached). Such rotational/radial adjustment allows for positionaladjustment of main opening 550 where such opening has an offset 552.

In one embodiment (see FIGS. 29-31) compression plate 700 can bedetachably connected to first plate 200. In one embodiment compressionplate can comprise first and second sides 710, 720 along with two mainopenings 650 and 654 which are offset from a center point. In oneembodiment main openings 750 and 760 can include a tapered areas 752 and762. In one embodiment compression plate 700 can include a plurality ofviewing openings 780, 782, 784. In one embodiment compression plate 700can be comprised of two sections 702 and 704. Two main openings 750 and760 allow for simultaneous operations of two hot tapping tools 2000,2000′ in a single location.

In one embodiment the adjustable angular offset of hot tapping tool inthe compression plate (500 and/or 600) can be at least about 0, 1, 2, 3,4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22,23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40,41, 42, 43, 44, and 45 degrees from a perpendicular to compressionplate. In one embodiment the adjustable angular offset is between aboutany two of the above specified angles. In one embodiment the angularoffset is changed while the tool is attached to the outermost pipe ortubular. In one embodiment the angular offset is changed while the toolis attached to the outermost pipe or tubular and the clamp housing ofthe tool is not moved during the rotational adjustment.

In one embodiment the clamping system for the hot tapping tool can havea rotationally adjustable compression opening which can be can berotationally adjustable in at least 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11,12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29,30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 50, 55,60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, and 90 degree increments. In one embodiment therotational adjustability is between about any two of the above specifiedangular increments. In one embodiment the rotational adjustment occurswhile the tool is attached to the outermost pipe or tubular. In oneembodiment the rotational adjustment occurs while the tool is attachedto the outermost pipe or tubular and the clamp housing of the tool isnot moved during the rotational adjustment.

In one embodiment is provided a method and apparatus where two hottapping tools 2000, 2000′ are simultaneously connected to a single clampand two coaxially nested pipes or tubulars are simultaneously hottapped. In one embodiment each of the hot tapping tools simultaneouslytapping nested tubulars are each independently angular adjustable toeffect a hot tapping seal.

FIG. 11 is an overall perspective view of one embodiment showing adouble plate saddle clamp system 10 with a single main opening 550compression plate 500. FIGS. 25-26 are top and sectional views of plate500.

FIG. 13 is a side view of an embodiment showing the hot tapping of aninner tubing 80. FIG. 14 includes front and top views of the embodimentshown in FIG. 13. FIG. 15 shows rear and bottom views of the embodimentshown in FIG. 13.

FIGS. 16 through 24 will schematically illustrate various steps in hottapping multiple pipes 50, 60, 70, and 80 which may be coaxially nestedwithin one another either symmetrically and/or in an offset condition.

FIG. 16 is a schematic top view of hot tapping system 10 illustratingthe step of hot tapping a first exterior pipe 50.

FIG. 17 is a schematic top view schematically illustrating the step ofmaking an opening 51 in the first exterior pipe 50.

FIG. 18 is a schematic top view of hot tapping system 10 illustratingthe step of hot tapping a second interior pipe 60.

FIG. 19 is a schematic top view of hot tapping system 10 illustratingthe step of hot tapping a second interior pipe 60 where the hot tappingtool 2000 is angularly offset (by angle theta) from a perpendicular toassist in making the hot tapping seal between the tip 2010 and the pipe60.

FIG. 20 is a schematic top view schematically illustrating the step ofmaking an opening 61 in the second pipe 60.

FIG. 21 is a schematic top view of hot tapping system 10 illustratingthe step of hot tapping a third interior pipe 70.

FIG. 22 is a schematic top view of hot tapping system 10 schematicallyillustrating the step of making an opening 71 in the third pipe 70.

FIG. 23 is a schematic top view of hot tapping system 10 illustratingthe step of hot tapping a fourth pipe or tubing 80 where the hot tappingtool 2000 is angularly offset (by angle theta) from a perpendicular toassist in making the hot tapping seal between the tip 2010 and the pipe80.

FIG. 24 is a schematic top view of system 10 illustrating the step ofhot tapping a fourth pipe or tubing 80 where the hot tapping tool 2000is angularly offset (by angle theta) from a perpendicular to assist inmaking the hot tapping seal between the tip 2010 and the pipe 80, alongwith the step of using a second tool 3000 to provide support for thetubing 80 when making a seal between the hot tapping tool tip 2010 andthe tubing 80.

FIG. 25 is a view of one embodiment of a compression plate where themain opening 550 being offset from the center and plate 500 havingmultiple view openings 580, 582, 584 positioned about main opening 550.FIG. 26 is a sectional view of compression plate 500 taken through theline A-A.

FIG. 27 is a rear view of one embodiment of a compression plate 600where the main opening 650 is not offset from the center and with plate600 having multiple view openings 680, 682, 684, 686. FIG. 28 is asectional view of the compression plate 600 taken through the line A-A.

FIG. 29 is a front view of one embodiment of one piece 710 of a twopiece compression plate 700 where the two piece compression plate 700has two main openings 750 and 760 both of which are offset from thecenter. FIG. 30 is a sectional view of compression plate 700 takenthrough the line A-A. FIG. 31 is a side view of the compression plate700.

FIG. 32 is a side view of one embodiment of a swivel nut 800. FIG. 33 isa rear view of swivel nut 800. FIG. 34 is a sectional view of swivel nut800 taken through the line A-A.

FIG. 35 is a perspective view of one embodiment of a detachable supportfoot 350.

FIG. 36 is a perspective view of one embodiment of a tip 2010 for thehot tapping tool 2000.

In one embodiment a drill system can be used to cut enlarged openingsthe tubulars in between hot tapping each tubular. For example, anarticulating drill system 1100 (see FIGS. 7-8, 10 and 37-47) can beused. In FIG. 8, the diver 9 is shown attaching the articulating saw1100 to the hot tap housing 100. FIG. 10 is a perspective view of adiver using saw 1100. The saw 1100 can be pivotally attached to the hottap housing 100 via a pin on one side and a support plate on anotherside. The saw 1100 also has an articulating and sliding support jointfor the rotating saw shaft. FIG. 8 shows the saw 1100 attached to thehot tap housing 100 and positioned to make a cut in one of the nestedtubulars 50, 60, 70, 80.

Drill system 1100 and can include first arm 1110, second arm 1120, base1150, and connection plate 1500. First arm 1110 can be pivotallyconnected to second arm 1120. Second arm 1120 can be pivotally connectedto base 1150. Base 1150 can be pivotally connected to connection plate1500. Drill 1300 can be attached to base 1150. Drill 1300 can comprisemotor 1320 and cutting tip 1400 which is rotationally connected to motor1320. Longitudinal track system 1160 can allow controlled longitudinalmovement (e.g., along the longitudinal direction of base 1150) of drill1300 such as by a screw and thread system. Track system 1160 can includea quick release/quick lock system which longitudinally locks theposition of drill 1300 relative to base 1150. Perpendicular track system1200 can allow controlled perpendicular movement (e.g., perpendicular tothe longitudinal direction of base 1150) of drill 1300 such as by ascrew and thread system. Track system 1200 can include a quickrelease/quick lock system which perpendicularly locks the position ofdrill 1300 relative to base 1150. Longitudinal and perpendicular tracksystems 1160 and 1200 can respective longitudinally and perpendicularlyadjust the position of drill 1300. Drill system 1100 can be pivotallyconnected to first plate 200, such as by pin 294. Connection plate 1500can be used to partially positionally lock drill system 100 relative tofirst plate 200. Even when partially locked, drill 1300 can be pivotedrelative to first plate 200 through pivoting joint 1510. Quickrelease/quick lock 1550 when unlocked allows for pivoting. However,locking quick release/quick lock 1550 prevents further pivoting movementof drill 1300.

In FIG. 8, the diver 9 is shown attaching the articulating saw 1100 tothe hot tap housing 100. The saw 1100 can be pivotally attached to thehot tap housing 100 via a pin on one side and a support plate on anotherside. The saw 1100 also has an articulating and sliding support jointfor the rotating saw shaft. FIG. 8 shows the saw 1100 attached to thehot tap housing 100 and positioned to make a cut in one of the nestedtubulars 50, 60, 70, 80.

FIGS. 37 and 38 are perspective views of one embodiment of anarticulating drill system 1100 for making enlarged openings through thedifferent pipes with drill system 1100 shown swiveled out of the way ofthe clamp 100. Different drilling FIG. 39 is a top view of thearticulating drill system 1100 shown in the same position as FIG. 37.FIG. 40 is a perspective view of articulating drill system 1100 shown inposition to make a cut through one of the pipes. FIG. 41 is a top viewof the articulating drill system 1100 where the system is connected tothe plate 200, perpendicular to same and in the center of main plateopening 230 with the double arrow schematically indicating that drilltip 1400 can move back and forth through main plate opening 230. FIG. 42is a top view of the articulating drill system 1100 where the system isconnected to the plate 200, angled from same and in the center of mainplate opening 230 with the two sets of double arrows schematicallyindicating that drill tip 1400 can move back and forth through mainplate opening 230 along with rotating back and forth. FIG. 44 is a topview of the articulating drill system 1100 where the system is connectedto the plate 200, perpendicular to same and offset in the rightdirection of the arrow from the center of main plate opening 230. FIG.43 is a top view of the articulating drill system 1100 where the systemis connected to the plate 200, perpendicular to same and offset in theleft direction of the arrow from the center of main plate opening 230.FIG. 44 is a perspective view of the articulating drill system 1100where the system is connected to the plate 200, perpendicular to sameand in the center of main plate opening 230. FIG. 45 is a top view ofthe articulating drill system 1100 where the system is connected to theplate, perpendicular to same and offset in the left direction of thearrow from the center of main plate opening 230 and the drill tip 1400is passed through the main opening 230. FIG. 46 is a top view of thearticulating drill system 1100 where the system is connected to theplate 200, angled from a perpendicular to same as indicated by thearrows, where and the drill tip 1400 is passed through the main opening230. FIG. 47 is a top view of the articulating drill system 1100 wherethe system is connected to the plate 200, perpendicular to same andoffset in the right direction of the arrow from the center of main plateopening 230 and the drill tip 1400 is passed through the main opening230. Drill system 1100 can include an articulating stabilizer 110, whichitself can include a plate 111 having central slot 114 and plateopenings 112, 113. The plate 111 is clamped or sandwiched in betweenhousing sections 117, 125 with bearing 115 in between. Bearing 115 is anannular bearing that is sized and shaped to fit cavity 118 of housingsection 117 while enabling bearing 115 to pivot with hot tapping toolthat passes through opening 116. Clamps or bolts 121, 122 can beloosened to allow bearing 115 (and a hot tapping tool) to pivot whilebeing supported by the bearing 115 and the housing sections and plate111, 117, 125. Each clamp or bolt can have a lever or handle 123 or 124for enabling a user (e.g. diver 9) to tighten the bolts or clamps 121,122 once a selected angular position of the hot tapping tool isselected. Housing section 125 has surface 130 which slides upon surface134 of plate 111. Housing section 125 has surface 131 which slides uponsurface 135 of plate 111. Housing section 132 slides upon rear surface136 of plate 111. In this fashion, a user such as diver 9 can loosenbolts or clamps 121, 122 and slide the housing sections 117, 125laterally relative to plate 111. The plate 111 can be bolted to aselected part of clamp 100 using bolted connections at plate openings112, 113. The housing section 125 has internally threaded openings 126,127 that accept threaded portions 138 or 139 of bolts 121 or 122.

FIG. 48 is a perspective view of clamp 100 with cut outs 51 and 71 madein two of the pipes/tubulars (50,70) to hot tap the innermost tubular80. Pipe 60 shown in other Figures has been omitted for clarity. FIG. 49is a front view of FIG. 48. FIG. 50 is a top view of FIG. 48 showingthat innermost nested tubular 80 is offset and swivel nut 800 (andmandrel 2050) allows direct connection of hot tap tip 2010 to tubular 80without repositioning clamp 100.

FIGS. 51 through 53 show the eccentric compression plate 500′ with themain opening 550 respectively at the 3, 6, and 9 O'clock positions toillustrate various modes of rotation adjustment of eccentric mainopening 550. Pipe 60 has been omitted for clarity.

FIG. 54 is a perspective view of clamp 100 but with eccentriccompression plate 500′ with main opening 550 at the 3 O'clock position,and with cut outs 51 and 71 made in two of the pipes/tubulars (50 and70) to hot tap the innermost tubular. FIG. 55 is a front view of clamp100. FIG. 56 is a top view of clamp 100.

FIG. 57 is a perspective view of clamp 100′ with double main openingcompression plate 700 and schematically indicating the simultaneous hottapping of two pipes or tubulars 80 and 80′ with the same clamp 100′.FIG. 58 is a front view of clamp 100′ with the arrows schematicallyindicating angular adjustability of mandrels 2050 and 2050′. FIG. 59 isa top view of claim 100′.

In one embodiment an angular adjustment of tapping tool 2000 both up anddown and side to side can be made while attached to clamp 100 to effecta hot tapping seal. Such angular adjustment helps contact tip 2010 ofhot tapping tool 2000 and making a seal with hot tapping tool.

In one embodiment the adjustable angular offset of hot tapping tool 2000in the compression plate (500 and/or 600) can be at least about 0, 1, 2,3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22,23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40,41, 42, 43, 44, and 45 degrees from a perpendicular to compressionplate. In one embodiment the adjustable angular offset is between aboutany two of the above specified angles.

In one embodiment compression plate (500 and/or 600) can be rotationallyadjustable in at least 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14,15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32,33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70,75, 80, 85, and 90 degree increments. In one embodiment the rotationaladjustability is between about any two of the above specified angularincrements.

In one embodiment two hot tapping tools 2000, 2000′ are simultaneouslyconnected to compression plate 600. In one embodiment each of the hottapping tools 2000, 2000′ are angularly adjustable as specified withcompression plate 500.

Visually Locating Tip of Hot Tap Tool

In one embodiment one or more openings provide visual access to pipe 50,60, 70, and/or 80 is provided through compression plate 500 even whilehot tapping tool 2000 is mounted in main opening 550.

FIG. 9 is a closeup perspective view of a diver 9 using the hot tap tool2000. FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a diver 9 using the articulatingsaw 1100. This figure illustrates the ability of diver 9 to locate byeyesight the tip 2010 of hot tap tool 2000 when hot tapping a pipelocated inside of nested tubulars (e.g., pipe 80 located inside oftubulars 50, 60, and 70 (although tubular 70 is omitted for clarity).Here diver 9 can see through one of compression plate 500's viewingwindows (e.g., 580, 582, and/or 584) to see hot tapping tip 2010 and bylocate the position of tip 2010 relative to the nested tubular to be hottapped. In FIG. 9, diver 9 would see through view window 582, mainopening 230 (of plate 200), opening 51 (of pipe 50), opening 61 (of pipe60), and opening 71 (of pipe 70 although not shown), to finally see tip2010 and locate it properly on nested pipe 80 for hot tapping pipe 80.

In one embodiment, after jetting, system 10 is mounted on pipe 50 whichis substantially out of round in a non-symmetrical manner. In oneembodiment system 10 is mounted below the sea floor on a substantiallyout of round pipe. In one embodiment the sea floor is jetted clear ofpipe 50 between 1 and 30, 1 and 25, 1 and 20, 1 and 15, 1 and 14, 1 and13, 1 and 12, 1 and 11, 1 and 10, 1 and 9, 1 and 8, 1 and 7, 1 and 6,and 1 and 5 feet. In one embodiment the sea floor is jetted clear ofpipe 50 between 2 and 30, 2 and 25, 2 and 20, 2 and 15, 2 and 14, 2 and13, 2 and 12, 2 and 11, 2 and 10, 2 and 9, 2 and 8, 2 and 7, 2 and 6,and 2 and 5 feet.

Hot Tap Procedures

Below an abbreviated procedure for hot tapping is provided in oneembodiment.

Abandonment Procedure for Wells on a Platform That Has Fallen over.There are basically two ways to restore control of the wells on aplatform that has fallen over. Abandon the wells completely in the orderthey are accessed. Or remove the bent or broken portion of the well andinstall a subsea wellhead.

Preliminary Work

(1) Move on location and set up as needed.

(2) Make a review of the platform. Determine at what depths the wellsare broken over. Determine whether cutting into the wells conductor pipewill cause the platform to move. Are the wells holding up any weightbesides their own? When performing multi string hot tapping, operationsgo much more efficiently when larger diameter access holes can be takenout of the drive pipe.

(3) Verify that the pipelines have been removed and have no pressure onsame.

(4) Mark the well number clearly at several points along their length.

(5) Remove Debris as needed to give divers access to the wells wherethey are as close to vertical as possible or below where they are brokenover. This may entail going below the mud line. Quite often the innerwells are broken over at a lower depth than the outer wells. Make adiagram showing the depth that all the wells are broken over in relationto each other.

(6) Visually attempt to determine if any of the drive pipes 50, 50′,50″, etc. have failed or are broken open. If so are any of the innercasing strings broken open.

(7) The personnel in the field must be cognizant of what the operatorwishes to accomplish in order to determine at what depth the outer wellswill need to be cut off and or tapped into.

(8) Determine a game plan as to what order the wells will be accessedand how the operator wishes to regain control of the wells. This willdetermine at what depth the wells Swill need to be hot tapped.

Hot Tap Procedure

(1) Divers have previously gained access to the well and have preparedfor themselves a work area.

(2) Determine the depth where the hot tap will be done. Install ropesaround the Drive pipe 50 where the pipe is vertical—if there is plentyof room for working—Install the soft line around the pipe approximately3 feet apart. Take a 2 inch flat chisel and remove all the barnaclesfrom the work area between the ropes.

(3) Once the pipe is clean for work. Measure the pipe 50 with a tape toverify the diameter of same. Use the tape to make a line around the pipein the middle between the two ropes as straight as possible. Using animaginary plane cutting the pipe perpendicular to its longitudinal axis,draw four (4) vertical marking lines extending from the top rope to thebottom rope which are radially spaced apart (e.g., preferably 90-degreesradially spaced from each other). In one embodiment these vertical lineswill be at: (a) 0 degrees; (b) 90 degrees, (c) 180 degrees; and (d) 240degrees going in a clockwise manner around the pipe. In this manner thespace between the 0 degree and 240 degree lines will provide the mostarea work.

(4) Verify that the outer drive pipe 50 has no pressure—i.e., it is beenbroken open, or if not broken has no interior annular pressure. If itcan be verified as not being pressurized, use a drill (which can behydraulically powered and magnetically attached) to drill holes at theradial locations of 0, 90 and 240 degrees. The size of the holes to bedrilled will be determined by the drive pipe 50 and the inner casingstring (e.g., 60, 70, and/or 80). Once the holes 52 are drilled, removeany annular cement as needed to measure the distance from the outerdrive pipe 50 to the inner casing string 60. Once the interior locationof the inner casing string 60 is determined relative to the drive pipe50, the location of tool attachment can be decided upon. When the outerdrive pipe cannot be verified to have no pressure inside of it. Theouter drive pipe will have to be hot tapped, as is done in thisprocedure.

(5) Install the saddle clamp tool 100 with the center of the openings230, 230′ set at the 0 and 180 degree positions as indicated by the 0and 180 degree vertical lines. The saddle clamp tool 100 can beinstalled by closing the two bolts on the open side and snugging themdown, then backing off the holding nut on the opposite bolts thentightening the tighten nuts on the other two bolts. Finally, going backand tightening the two original nuts.

(6) Install a hot tap barrel 2000 on the saddle clamp tool 100 bysliding it over the top slick bolt, and then lining up the barrelagainst the drive pipe. Preferably, the barrel includes a properly sizetapping tip 2010 which has a curved flexible (e.g., Teflon) sealinstalled to sealing fit against the drive pipe 50. Tighten the sealingnuts 244 to create a seal between the drive pipe 50 and the hot tap tip2010. Test the seal against drive pipe 50 to 250 pounds per square inchpressure. Note: the end of the barrel 2050 has a 2 inch 1502 wecoconnection. The seal test can be done by installing a ¼ inch (or 1½ inchhose) to the back of the barrel 2050 and pressuring up the connection.If pressure is maintained then a seal has been formed.

(7) Remove the pressure test hose and install the Hot Tap Tool to theend of the barrel 2050 using a 2 inch 1502 weco quick connection (byhammering up the quick connect). Run in the hot tap tool 2000 till the¾″ flat drill 2100 of the hot tap tool 2000 touches the drive pipe 50.Pressure up the barrel 2050 between the 1 inch polished rod and chevronpacking on the hot tap tool 2000 and the Teflon seal 2010 against theouter casing to 250 pounds per square inch pressure. Double check thestop setting on the hot tap tool 2000—should be set for the thickness ofthe diameter size of the outer casing 50 (e.g., the drive pipe 50diameter=¾ inch+ 1/16 inch extra). Install the drill 2100 on the end ofthe hot tap tool 2000 and rotate the polished rod to rotate the ¾ inchbit on the end. Advance the polished rod with the wheel with about ¼inch linear advancement per turn as the diver is drilling the ¾ inchhole. This linear advancement of the drill bit 2110 should be continueduntil either: (a) pressure change is seen and/or (b) break thru of thedrill bit is felt (e.g., the metal/drilling gets easier or the diverhits the stop/makes enough turns on the wheel to have advanced same theproper distance).

(8) Once the hot tap tool 2000 has drilled thru the outer drive pipe 50,the drill 2100 should be removed from the hot tap tool 2000 and thehydraulic hoses disconnected with the hot tap tool 2000 positioned in anearby location until needed again. Back out the polished rod till itclears the ball valve on the end of the barrel 2050 and close the ballvalve. Bleed off any remaining pressure on the hot tap tool 2000 andremove same from the barrel 2050—2 inch 1502 weco hammer unionconnection. Send the hot tap tool 2000 back to surface until neededagain.

(9) If there is any pressure behind the drive pipe 50 (i.e., in theannular space 62 between the interior of the drive pipe 50 and the firstinner casing 60), install a 1½ inch pump in line to the end of thebarrel 2050—2 inch 1502 weco hammer union connection. Test the lineagainst the ball valve. Open the ball valve opening the annular space 62to the surface. Perform the necessary actions to remove any pressure andor hydrocarbons from this annular space 62.

(10) Once all pressures and hydrocarbons have been removed from theannular space 62, remove the barrel 2050 and send back to the surface tobe redressed for the next casing string 70 by changing the hot tapsealing tip 2010′. In one embodiment the hot tap tool 2000 can beconnected to the hot tap clamp 100.

(11) Once the barrel 2050 is removed, measure the linear distance to theexterior of the next interior casing, pipe, and/or tubing 60. Suchlinear distance can be measured with a measuring probe. In oneembodiment there are 20 inch, 30 inch, and 40 inch measuring probesincluded for such measurements. Cement in the annular space may need tobe removed prior to being able to take this measurement. Brushes,chippers, grinders, etc. can be included to assist the divers inclearing it out the annular space 62 for making such measurement.

(12) Once this measurement is taken, a determination can be maderegarding the maximum enlarged hole 52 that can be drilled in theexterior casing/pipe 50 to provide operating space and visual access tothe next interior casing, pipe, and/or tubing 60. Send the drill 1000down to the diver. Remove the 1 inch holding pin—straight pick up—fromthe saddle clamp 100 and line up the drill 1000—drop the pin in holdingsame. The initial drill 1000 will have the proper size bit 1400 alreadyinstalled on the drill 1000—on all subsequent drilling events the diverwill have to change out the bit 1400′ to the proper size as needed. Thedrill 1000 sits on a multiple degree of freedom swiveling arm carriagethat is held in place by the pin. Swivel the drill bit 1400 into place,lock it down solid by tightening the drill holding nuts. Advance thedrill bit 1400 until it touches the drive pipe 50.

Detailed Hot Tap Procedure

Below is a more detailed hot tap procedure which can be used for variousembodiments.

Dual plates 200, 200′ will be set up with 8—20 inch Jaws, 4—Pivot Pins(with 8—mount brackets and 4—1 inch pins to hold them in place), 4—MountBrackets for Clevis's and 4—Clevis's with 1⅞ inch×36 inch Long Bolts &Nuts. The Long Bolts will have inner Nuts on the Closed Side of the DSCpreset for 20 inch Drive Pipe.

Depending on how the Clevis Mount Brackets are installed the diver caninstall drill 1000 on either their right or left side if they have apreference of plate 200 or 200′. Clevis Mount Brackets can be set toallow free movement when Drill Slide 1160 is installed on the Pivot Pinon the right and side of the either Plate 200 or 200′ can still beinstalled on the Left Pivot Pin.

Clamp 100 can be prepared to be installed on Drive Pipe 50 by firstdetermining the size of drive pipe 50. In one embodiment drive pipe 50can be 20 inches in diameter. Plates 200 and 200′ can have bolt holescut out (or open slots) on one side to allow the bolts to be swung intoand out of position. Plates 200 and 200′ can also have ½ inch keyswelded onto the end of the cut outs to keep the nut and washer fromslipping out of position when they are loose. A set of 1 inch×10′—4 partNylon Slings (length depends on the crane—the longer they are the moreeasily it will be for the diver to open and close clamp 100.

Lower clamp 100 alongside drive pipe 50 to the desired attachmentlocation. With the diver assisting pulling clamp 100 around pipe 50 viathe open side of clamp 100. Once clamp 100 it is in place, the diverwill release the tension in the come along just enough to allow plates200 and 200′ to close around pipe 50. Close the two long clevis bolts onthe open side by rotating them into the cut out bolt holes, over the ½inch stop keys, and tightening down the nuts and washers. The nutsshould be tightened hand tight with a hammer wrench.

At this time the diver should take a look at clamp 100 to determine thatit is in place and fairly squared up. Look and see if the dies on thejaws 350, 360, 370, and 380 are engaged and that the front and backplates 200, 200′ are in their desired position relative to each otherand drive pipe 50. At this time, or at any later time, clamp 100 can beeasily moved around drive pipe 50 simply by loosening the nuts on theopen side and tightening up on the come along until the dies or jaws350, 360, 370, and 380 (and 350′, 360′, 370′, and 380′) on the open sidebecome disengaged from pipe 50, then simply rotate clamp 100 to thedesired position or have the crane operator lower or raise the clamp 100as needed.

Once clamp 100 is in place and the open side has been hand tightened,slack off the remainder of the way on the come along making sure it hasslack in it and is not holding a bind on clamp 100. Diver should goaround to the closed side and back off the two inside nuts, once theyare free turn them at least three full rounds to make sure they do notinterfere with the outside nuts being tightened. Tighten the two outsidenuts on the closed side with the hammer wrench—hand tight.

Once again look at clamp 100 to verify it is in position and is levelwith drive pipe 50. As long as at least three of the dies (from 350,360, 350′, and 360′) on the top set of jaws (4 jaws on top with 2 dieseach and 4 jaws on bottom with 2 dies each) are making contact withdrill pipe 50, clamp 100 will stay firmly in place. Have the craneoperator slack off clamp 100 as it will hold its own weight with theouter nuts just snug. Tighten up the 4 outside nuts with a hammer wrenchand a one handed sledge hammer until they are tight. There is no need tobeat it with a 101 b or 121 b sledge, you can if you would like—the 2inch thick plates with the 1⅞ inch bolts will take whatever tighteningyou would care to give them but the 16—1¼ inch×5⅞ inch Diamond ToothTong Dies that are in the jaws are made to hold in every direction.

Once clamp 100 is installed remove the 1 inch×10′ 4 part sling from thetop of clamp 100. Prior to running down clamp 100 and installing a “DeerStand” work platform on drive pipe 50 for the diver to work of, drivepipe 50 area should be cleaned.

Run the end of the bundle of Hydraulic Hoses down to the diver andattach them out of the way but handy. The Hydraulic hose bundle consistsof a set of 1 inch hoses (inlet and outlet) used to run drill 1000 and aset of ½ inch hoses used to run all the hand tools. Quick connects areinstalled on all of the hoses with inlet and outlet having male andfemale respectively to make sure they cannot be put on backward. Run the¼ inch 10,000 psi test hose down to the diver and have him secure it outof the way.

Tap the 20 inch Drive Pipe 50 to determine if it has pressure on theinside of same. Compression plate 500 can be used with a 20 inch Mandrel2050. The 20 inch Mandrel 2050 will have attached to it the Swivel Nut800, Backing Nut 802, Seal Tip 2010 (with Teflon Seal Installed) on oneend and the Ball Valve (with 2 inch 1502 Weco Connection) on the other.The Swivel Nut 800 is screwed onto the mandrel 2050 and allows thecenter flange 500 to transfer the load to the mandrel 2050. This swivelnut 800 allows for up to 10 to 15 degrees of rotation of the mandrel2050 thru the flange 500. Backing Nuts for the Mandrel can be installedon its threads as needed if accessories are wanted. For example, theremay be a desire to attach a video camera as a camera would allowpersonnel on the topside (e.g., Dive Supervisor), to be able to see theseal tip 2010 and assist the diver when installing the mandrel 2050.Also, a video camera would allow the dive supervisor to observe the sealtip 2010 to make sure it is level with the pipe (50, 60, 70, and/or 80)prior to energizing the seal or to see any die leaking out around theseal while testing. These backing nuts can be installed on the mandrel2050 for any reason needed. The Seal Tip 2010 with Teflon Seal Insertedwill be for 20 inch pipe 50. The Seal Tip 2010 and seal are cut to thecurvature of the pipe (50, 60, 70, and/or 80) to be hot tapped. The Tip2010 and the mandrel 2050 will have a line drawn on it to show the diverhow to line it up with the pipe. The Ball Valve (BV) can be a 2 inch6,000 pounds per square inch heavy duty type with a 1½ inch ID thrusame. The Ball Valve has 2 inch Line Pipe connections on both sides anda 2 inch 1502 Weco Male Connection will be installed on the BV. The BVwill be run down to the diver in the open position.

The diver will receive the Center Flange 500 with 20 inch mandrel 2050on a center flange with a 20 inch tip 2010 on one end and ball valveopen on the other. The diver will set the flange 500 on the 18 inch studthat is in the 12 O'clock position and remove the strap that holds it.The diver will slide the flange 500 forward on the 18 inch stud untilthe flange 500 is lined up on the 4—1⅝ inch×12 inch studs in the2/4/8/10 positions. The diver will install 4—1⅝ inch nuts on the2/4/8/10 studs until the nuts are completely on the studs but nofurther. The 20 inch mandrel 2050 and tip 2010 will have a top deadcenter line run down the length of it. The diver will advance the 20inch mandrel 2050 by rotating the swivel nut 800 until the Teflon on thetip 2010 is engaged against the 20 inch pipe 50. At that time the diverneeds to verify that the mandrel 2050 is perpendicular to pipe 50 andthat the line on the mandrel 2050 is on top (i.e., mandrel 2050 shouldbe is lined up properly with pipe 50). In order to get a seal mandrel2050 should be line up perpendicular to the particular pipe the diver isattempting to seal against.

Once mandrel 2050 is in the proper position, tighten the 4—1⅝ inch nutswith a hammer wrench taking care to tighten one half of a turn at a timewhen turning by hand then one fourth of a turn at a time when using ahammer, going from nuts 2 to 8; to 4 to 10; then back to nut 2.Preferably nuts are tightened evenly. This tightening compresses theTeflon seal against pipe 50. Once mandrel 2050 is tightened against pipe50, stop and look at the entire set up and verify that everything looksproper such as whether the line on mandrel 2050 is still top center andthe mandrel 2050 is perpendicular to pipe 50 tip 2010 is sealingagainst.

Test the Teflon seal on the 20 inch drive pipe 50 to 250 pounds persquare inch low/1,000 pounds per square inch high for 5 minutes eachtest. The testing will be done by installing a 2 inch 1502 Female Wecohammer up connection to the 2 inch 1502 male Weco connection on the endof the mandrel. When hammering on and off the 2 inch 1502 Wecoconnections it is not necessary to use a big hammer and lots of force,please use common sense and caution. Install the ¼ inch test hose, orwhatever test hose the operator chooses to use to the ½ inch outlet onthe end of the mandrel 2050. When testing, if the operator chooses to doso, Green Dye can be available to be mixed with seawater to assist inseeing any leaks.

Crane to send down the 30 inch stroke Hot Tap Tool 2000 with a 5⅞ inchlong×¾ inch Fluted Bit with insert tips 2010 installed on same. In thiscase we will be using a ¾ inch Flat Tipped Cutting Insert on the Bit.Make up the hot tap tool 2000 to Mandrel 2050 by making up a 2 inch 1502Weco connection. Throughout the procedure we will be utilizing the 3inch diameter×30 inch stroke 6,000 pounds per square inch workingpressure Hot Tap Tool 2000. In one embodiment both a 30 inch stroke Tool2000 and a 54 inch Stroke tool 2000′ will be sent out. Both have beendesigned to be used with this system 10. The 30 inch stroke tool 2000works with the 20 inch Mandrel 2050. The 54 inch stroke tool 2000′ workswith the 30 inch and 40 inch Mandrels (2050′ and 2050″) should anextended reach be needed. The 54 inch stroke tool 2000′ can also be usedin conjunction with the 20 inch Mandrel 2050 should something happen tothe 30 inch tool 2050′. Along with two Hot Tap Tools spare parts will besent with each tool including an extra Lower Drilling Rod Assembly forboth tools so they can be rebuilt in the field if needed. The Hot TapTool 2000 has a 1 inch Drilling Rod that is sealed off against Chevronpacking (6 part). The packing retainer on the tools is made in such away that it can be tightened if the packing starts leaking whiledrilling or anytime that the hot tap tool 2000 is installed on the well.The diver will be supplied with a special wrench to be able to tightenthe packing retainer nut if needed. The 1 inch Rod is attached to thebit with a standard #2 Morris Taper (1¼ inch OD). The Mandrel 2050 has a1.30 inch ID. The Seal Tip 2010 has a ¾ inch ID that helps to align the¾ inch bit.

Make up the hot tap tool 2000 on the mandrel 2050. Leave the hot taptool 2000 hanging from the crane while it is in the water. The hot taptool 2000 is fairly light +/−150 lb of weight and when using same on areal well it could be hung off from an air bag if it is necessary toremove it from the crane. Test the Teflon seal on the 20 inch drive pipe50, the packing around the 1 inch rod and the 1502 connection to 250pounds per square inch low/1,000 pounds per square inch high for 5minutes each test. Bleed off the pressure. Run in the hot tap tool 2000by turning the hand wheel. The Drive Rod on the hot tap tool 2000 is a 2inch OD Course Acme Thread with 4 Turns to the inch or ¼ inchadvancement per Revolution of the hand wheel. The 1 inch Drilling Rodruns thru the 2 inch Drive Rod. The hot tap tool 2000 has two stop subs.One on the outside of the Hot tap tool 2000 and another on the threadsof the 2 inch Drive Rod. Prior to sending the Hot tap tool 2000 down theStop Subs on the Hot tap tool 2000 will be preset to not allow the diverto drill more than 1/16 inch past the thickness of the pipe that will bedrilled. The hot tap tool 2000 was designed to work in conjunction withthe mandrel 2050 to where when the 20 inch Mandrel 2050 is used with theinch stroke Hot tap tool 2000 the 30 inch Hot tap tool 2000 can onlydrill out approximately 2 inch past the Seal Tip 2010. This allows thediver to close up the Hot tap tool 2000 almost completely prior tostarting to do any drilling with same, making it easier on the diver.

After testing. Bleed off the test pressure to Zero pounds per squareinch, this allows the diver a better feel for what he is doing. Advancethe bit in the Hot tap tool 2000 +/−27½ inch until it hits the Teflonseal. The Teflon seal when installed on the seal tip 2010 had a ¾ inchopening. Because the Teflon seal was compressed against the pipe to makea seal it has been compressed or flared on the inside as well as theoutside. Once the diver advances the drill bit as far as possible rotatethe drill on the Hot tap tool 2000 By hand to cut the Teflon away andadvance the bit until the bit makes contact with the pipe. Sometimes thebit, because it is a flat tip, has trouble getting into the ¾ inch ID ofthe seal tip 2010 (the mandrel 2050 has a 1.30 inch ID). NOTE: It iseasy to cut Teflon by hand, it is not as easy to drill metal and thediver can feel the difference. At this time the bit is against the Drivepipe 50. Take the time to double check the Stop Subs by looking at themand verifying they are set for drilling only the thickness of the pipe,in this case 1 inch wall thickness Drive pipe 50, + 1/16 inch only.Pressure up on the Hot tap tool 2000 and seals to 500 pounds per squareinch. Send down a hand drill and make it up on the hydraulic hoses.

Drill thru the 20 inch×1 inch Wall Drive Pipe 50 by drilling turning thebit 2110 with a hydraulic hand drill and advancing the bit 2110 with thewheel by hand Keep track of the rounds turned on the wheel to verify thedistance drilled. In this case 1 inch pipe will be 4 completerevolutions. Do not force the bit 2110—when the bit 2110 drills thru thepipe 50 the diver can feel it and there will be a fluctuation inpressure.

Once the diver has drilled thru the pipe 50 stop drilling and check andrecord the pressure. Advance and retract the bit 2110 thru the hole tomake sure it is completely cut out to a ¾ inch opening. Watch for metalshavings getting the bit 2110 in a bind. If that occurs it is oftenremedied by pumping water into the Hot tap tool 2000 to flush or movethe cuttings.

Once you are sure that the hole has been cut in the pipe 50 and there isa full ¾ inch opening. Secure the hand drill. Back out the bit 2110until it clears the Ball Valve. If the casing is not static, close theBall valve.

If the Ball valve is closed, bleed off any remaining pressure on the Hottap tool 2000 and hose.

Disconnect the Test Hose and secure same.

Open the needle valve on the Hot tap tool 2000 to double verify there isno pressure left on it. Remove the Hot tap tool 2000 and send same tosurface.

If the casing 50 drilled has pressure on it. Install the 1½ inch KillLine and test as needed against the ball valve. Open the Ball valve.Deal with the pressure by pumping in or bleeding off as needed until thecasing 50 is static. If there was no pressure on the casing the Ballvalve was left open.

With the Ball valve Open, remove the Flange Plate 500 by backing out the4—1⅝ inch nuts and send the Flange Plate 50 and Mandrel 2050 assembly tothe surface.

Once the mandrel 2050 assembly has been removed, measure the distancewith the measuring probe thru the ¾ inch hole to the next casing string60. Hot tap tool 2000 has 20 inch, 30 inch and 40 inch measuring probesincluded in each box. Cement may need to be removed prior to being ableto take this measurement. If needed send down a hand drill with a ⅝ inchmasonry bit.

Normally the next casing string 60 size is known. In this case we have astring of 10¾ inch 45.5#/ft J-55 casing. When taking the measurement itis never known for sure if you are on a collar or not.

Care should be taken here when getting these measurements and selectingthe size of core bit 1400 to drill out of casing 50. When drilling intoany casing string a balance must be maintained between getting as big ahole as possible and not having the casing that is being drilled to failor collapse. As a general rule the size of the hole being drilled shouldnot exceed 50% of the casing 50 you are drilling. The Hot tap tool 2000supervisor will be able to calculate that and look at the different sizeholes that can be drilled depending on outer casing size versus innercasing size and the distance between them. Calculate the maximum sizehole that can be drilled without drilling into the next casing or tubingstring. Prior to starting you also need to consider what size of holeyou would like to have in the production casing. In this case theproduction casing is 7⅝ inch therefore the maximum hole size that can bedrilled is +/−4 inch (+/−50% of 7⅝ inch), to be able to drill a 4 inchhole on the 7⅝ inch, you must drill at least a 4½ inch hole (½ inchbigger minimum) on the 10¾ inch casing, which means we must have atleast a 5 inch hole on the 20 inch. So 5 inch can be the minimum sizeyou can start with on the 20 inch Drive pipe 50. The Hot tap tool 2000Saddle Clamp 100 has an 11½ inch Opening but the biggest holerecommended to start with is 10 inch.

Have the diver remove the Cotter Pin from the bottom of the 1½ inchPivot Pin. Send down the articulating drill assembly 1000 attached onthe crane. Line up the aluminum arm 1110 on same with the pivot pin onplate 200 and drop the Pivot Pin into place. Install the cotter pin onthe pivot pin. Remove the crane straps or slings from drill assembly1000. Send slings to surface.

20 inch Drive pipe 50×10¾ inch inner casing string (centered)=10 inchbit. The initial 10 inch bit 1400 will have been already installed ondrill 1000—on all subsequent drilling events the diver will have tochange out the bit 1400 to the proper size as needed. Rotate the DS intoplace in the front of clamp 100, the bottom five bolts can be used forthe DS. It has been our experience that only two 1⅝ inch nuts will beneeded to hold the Articulating drill 1000 in place on the Clamp 100while drilling therefore on the bottom of the Clamp 100 two 1⅝ inch×8inch long studs were installed for the Articulating drill 1000 on at the#5 and #7 positions. Tighten up the 2×1⅝ inch nuts installing theArticulating drill 1000 into place on the Clamp 100. Install 1 inchHydraulic Hoses to the Drill 1000. Advance the drill until the bit 1400touches the drive pipe 50. Start the drill 1000 and make sure it isturning properly. Cut out the 10 inch coupon being careful not to cutinto the 10¾ inch casing 60.

Remove the 10 inch coupon.

Remove the 10 inch bit 1400 and send to the top.

Remove the two 1⅝ inch nuts and rotate the Articulating drill 1000 backout of the way and secure same. If possible leave the Hydraulic Hosesmounted to the drill. If not remove and secure same.

Clean out any cement between the 20 inch×10¾ inch annulus. Verify thatthere is not a collar in the way. During this test we know there is nocement in this annulus or a collar, but the 10¾ inch casing will have tobe cleaned off where we will be installing the seal tip 2010. Send downtools as needed to clean off same.

If there is a collar on the inner casing string 60, a decision will haveto be made to either move the Clamp 100 up or down to get away from itand starting over. Or, the Hot tap tool 2000 system has not only CenterFlanges 500 but offset flanges 500′ that allow movement of the Mandrel2050 in a circle about inches in radius (up or down vertically fromcenter), and to still be perpendicular to the inner casing string 60 fortapping purposes. Consideration should be given to whether this shouldbe done on the basis of how many more inner strings will have to bedealt with and whether part of the collar can be cut out withoutsacrificing structural integrity of the pipe after it is tapped to gainaccess to the inner strings.

Next the diver needs to determine where the centerline of the innercasing string 60 lies in relation to the Clamp 100. In order to get aseal—the seal tip 2010 is preferably set on the centerline of the pipe60 and the mandrel 2050 lined up perpendicular to pipe 60 attempting tobe sealed against. One advantage of the method and apparatus is theflexibility allowed when lining up on the inner casing strings (60, 70,and 80). The hot tap tool 2000 swivel nut 800 is primarily used to allowthe mandrel 2050 to be perpendicular to the inner casing string (60, 70,or 80) where there is a difference in angle from vertical between theDrive Pipe 50 and the inner casing strings (60, 70, or 80). This allowsthe new system some ability to get on Drive pipe 50 that is not only outof round but also still not vertical. The Offset Flange 500 with offset552 allows the mandrel 2050 to be moved up and down as well as right andleft (e.g., up to 4 inches). Extreme caution must be exercised whenattempting to utilize the Swivel Nut 800 to make up for fact that theinner casing strings (60, 70, or 80) are more than 10 Degrees to theleft or right of the centerline of the Clamp 100. When the 1⅝ inch nutsare tightened against the flange 500 to effect a seal, they move theflange 500 in the direction of the centerline of the Clamp 100 (and notin the direction mandrel 2050 is pointed when mandrel 2050 is offset).If the centerline of any subsequent inner string (60, 70, or 80) isencountered where it is more than 10 Degrees to the left or right of theClamp 100 centerline then the Clamp 100 is preferably rotated on drivepipe 50 to line up Clamp 100 with the inner strings (60, 70, or 80).

Because casing 60 is found to be centered, 10¾ inch casing 60 will betapped to determine if it has pressure on the inside of same, utilizingthe Center Flange 500 with the 20 inch Mandrel 2050 assembly. The diverwill receive the Center Flange 500 with 20 inch mandrel 2050 with a 10¾inch tip 2010. The diver will set the flange 500 on the 18 inch studthat is in the 12 O'clock position and remove the strap that holds it.The diver will slide the flange 500 forward on the 18 inch stud till theflange 500 is lined up on the 4—1⅝ inch×12 inch studs in the 2/4/8/10positions. The diver will install 4—1⅝ inch nuts on the 2/4/8/10 studstill the nuts are completely on the studs but no further. The 20 inchmandrel 2050 and tip 2010 will have a top dead center line run down thelength of it. The diver will advance the inch mandrel 2050 by rotatingthe swivel nut 800 until the Teflon on the tip 2010 is engaged againstthe 10¾ inch pipe 60. At that time the diver needs to verify that theSeal tip 2010 is on the centerline of the pipe and the mandrel 2050 isperpendicular to pipe 60 and that the line on the mandrel 2050 is on top(i.e., that the mandrel 2050 is lined up properly with the pipe 60). Inorder to get a seal—seal tip 2010 should be set on the centerline of thepipe 60 and the mandrel 2050 lined up perpendicular to the pipe 60attempted to be sealed against. Once the mandrel 2050 is in the properposition, tighten the 4—1⅝ inch nuts with a hammer wrench taking care totighten a ½ turn at a time when turning by hand then a ¼ turn at a timewhen using a hammer, going from 2 to 8 to 4 to 10 then back to 2. It ispreferable that they are tightened evenly. This tightening compressesthe Teflon seal against the pipe 60. Once the mandrel 2050 is tightenedagainst the pipe 60 stop and look at the entire set up and verify thateverything looks proper (i.e., the line on the mandrel 2050 is still topcenter and the mandrel 2050 is perpendicular to the pipe 60 it issealing against).

Test the Teflon seal on the 10¾ inch casing 60 to 250 pounds per squareinch low/1,500 pounds per square inch high for 5 minutes each test. Thetesting will be done by installing a on the end of the mandrel 2050.Install the ¼ inch test hose, pressure gauge and bleed off valve. Afterperforming the test bleed off the pressures and remove the hose andconnection.

Crane to send down the 30 inch stroke Hot tap tool 2000′ with a 5⅞ inchlong×¾ inch Fluted Bit with a ¾ inch Flat Tipped Cutting Insert on theBit.

Make up the Hot tap tool 2000′ on the mandrel 2050. Install the ¼ inchtest hose to the ½ inch Needle Valve with a pressure gauge and bleed offvalve. Test the Hot tap tool 2000 against the Teflon seal on the 10¾inch casing to 250 pounds per square inch low/1,500 pounds per squareinch hi for 5 minutes each test. Bleed off the pressure.

Prior to sending the Hot tap tool 2000′ down the Stop Subs on the Hottap tool 2000′ will be preset to not allow the diver to drill more than1/16 inch past the thickness of the pipe that will be drilled. In thiscase 10¾ inch 45.5#/ft casing is 9.95 inch ID=0.4 inch thick. Pleasenote: the drift=9.794 inch therefore the casing could be up to 9.95inch-9.794 inch/2=2.5/64 inch extra thick therefore the 1/16 inch extrawill make up for it.

Advance the bit in the Hot tap tool 2000′ +/−27½ inch until it hits theTeflon seal. Once the diver advances the drill bit as far as possiblerotate the drill on the Hot tap tool 2000′ by hand to cut the Teflonaway and advance the bit until the bit makes contact with the pipe 60.Double check the Stop Subs.

Pressure up on the Hot tap tool 2000′ and 10¾ inch seal to 1,000 poundsper square inch. Send down a hand drill and make it up on the hydraulichoses.

Drill thru the 10¾ inch×0.4 inch Wall Casing 60 by drilling turning thebit with a hydraulic hand drill and advancing the bit with the wheel byhand Keep track of the rounds turned on the wheel to verify the distancedrilled. In this case 0.4 inch pipe+ 1/16inch=0.0625 inch=0.4625 inchtherefore it will be a little less than 2 complete revolutions. Do notforce the bit. When the bit drills thru the pipe the diver can feel itand there will be a fluctuation in pressure.

Once the diver has drilled thru the pipe 60, stop drilling. Check andrecord the pressure and advance and retract the bit thru the hole tomake sure it is completely cut out to a ¾ inch opening. Watch for metalshavings getting the bit in a bind. If that occurs it is often remediedby pumping water into the Hot tap tool 2000′ to flush or move thecuttings.

Once you are sure that the hole has been cut in the pipe 60 and there isa full ¾ inch opening. Secure the hand drill. Back out the bit until itclears the Ball Valve. If the casing 60 is not static, close the Ballvalve. If the Ball valve is closed, bleed off any remaining pressure onthe Hot tap tool 2000′ and hose. Disconnect the Test Hose and securesame.

Open the needle valve on the Hot tap tool 2000′ to double verify thereis no pressure left on it. Remove the Hot tap tool 2000′ and send sameto surface.

If the casing 60 drilled has pressure on it install the 1½ inch KillLine and test as needed against the ball valve. Open the Ball valve,deal with the pressure by pumping in or bleeding off as needed until thecasing 60 is static. If there was no pressure on the casing the Ballvalve was left open.

With the Ball valve Open, remove the Flange Plate 500 by backing out the4—1⅝ inch nuts and send the Flange Plate 500 and Mandrel 2050 assemblyto the surface.

Once the mandrel 2050 assembly has been removed, measure the distancewith the measuring probe thru the ¾ inch hole to the next casing string70. Cement may need to be removed prior to being able to take thismeasurement. If needed send down a hand drill with a ⅝ inch masonry bit.In this case there is no cement between the casing strings so we willnot have any to drill out.

Normally the next casing string 70 size is known. In this case we have astring of 7⅝ inch 33.7#/ft N-80 Casing. When taking the measurement itis never known for sure if you are on a collar or not.

Care must be taken here when getting these measurements and selectingthe size of core bit to drill out of the casing. The Hot tap tool 2000supervisor will be able to calculate that and look at the different sizeholes that can be drilled depending on outer casing size versus innercasing size and the distance between them. Always calculate the maximumsize hole that can be drilled without drilling into the next casing ortubing string.

10¾ inch casing×7⅝ inch inner casing string 70 is found to be centered.Rotate the Articulating drill 1000 into place in the front of the Clamp100. Install two 1⅝ inch nuts on the #5 and #7 position studs. Tightenup the 2×1⅝ inch nuts installing the Articulating drill 1000 into placeon the Clamp 100. Hydraulic Hoses were previously installed to the Drill1000. Advance the drill bit 1400 until the drill bit touches 10¾ inchcasing/pipe 60. At this time the diver must make sure that the drill bit1400 is lined up on the centerline of the inner string of casing 60. Inone embodiment drill bit 1400 is adjustable in multiple directions(advanced in and out along with adjustment to be able to go right orleft, along with the ability to pivot). Drill bit 1400 can be turned upto 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 degrees to the left or right of thecenterline of the Clamp 100 in order to line up the drill bit 1400 onthe centerline of any subsequent inner string (70 or 80) without havingto rotate the complete Clamp 100 on the drive pipe 50 and starting over.However, should the diver be unable to line up the drill bit 1400 to thecenterline of the inner casing strings 70 or 80 the diver should movethe Clamp 100 and start over again.

Start the drill bit 1400 and make sure it is turning properly. Cut outand remove the coupon being careful not to cut into the 7⅝ inch casing70.

Remove drill bit 1400 and send to the top.

Remove the two 1⅝ inch nuts and rotate the Articulating drill 1000 backout of the way and secure same. If possible leave the Hydraulic Hosesmounted to the drill 1000. If not remove and secure same.

Clean out any cement between the 10¾ inch×7⅝ inch annulus 72. Verifythat there is not a collar in the way.

Next, the 7⅝ inch Production casing 70 will be tapped to determine if ithas pressure on the inside of same. The Center Flange 500 will be usedwith a 20 inch Mandrel 2050 assembly.

Test the Teflon seal on the 7⅝ inch casing to 250 pounds per square inchlow/3,500 pounds per square inch high for 5 minutes each test. Thetesting will be done by installing a on the end of the mandrel 2050.Install the ¼ inch test hose, pressure gauge and bleed off valve. Afterperforming the test to everyone's satisfaction bleed off the pressuresand remove the hose and connection.

Crane to send down the 30 inch stroke Hot tap tool 2000′ with a 5⅞ inchlong×¾ inch Fluted Bit with a ¾ inch Flat Tipped Cutting Insert on theBit.

Make up the Hot tap tool 2000′ on the mandrel 2050. Install the ¼ inchtest hose to the ½ inch Needle Valve with a pressure gauge and bleed offvalve. Test the Hot tap tool 2000 against the Teflon seal on the 7⅝ inchcasing to 250 pounds per square inch low/3,500 pounds per square inch hifor 5 minutes each test. Bleed off the pressure.

Prior to sending the Hot tap tool 2000′ down the Stop Subs on the Hottap tool 2000′ will be preset to not allow the diver to drill more than3/32 inch past the thickness of the pipe that will be drilled. In thiscase 7⅝ inch 33.7#/ft casing is 6.765 inch ID=0.43 inch thick. Pleasenote: the drift=6.640 inch therefore the casing could be up to 6.765inch-6.640 inch/2= 1/16 inch extra thick therefore the 3/32 inch extrawill make up for it. NOTE: Normally we only use 1/16 inch extra—in thiscase we used 3/32 inch. Common sense will have to be used at all timeswhen working on these wells.

Advance the bit in the Hot tap tool 2000′ +/−27½ inch until it hits theTeflon seal. Once the diver advances the drill bit as far as possiblerotate the drill on the Hot tap tool 2000′ by hand to cut the Teflonaway and advance the bit until the bit makes contact with the pipe 70.Double check the Stop Subs.

Pressure up on the Hot tap tool 2000′ and 7⅝ inch seal 2010 to 1,500pounds per square inch. Send down a hand drill and make it up on thehydraulic hoses.

Drill thru the 7⅝ inch×0.43 inch Wall Casing 70 by drilling turning thebit with a hydraulic hand drill and advancing the bit with the wheel byhand. Keep track of the rounds turned on the wheel to verify thedistance drilled. In this case 0.43 inch pipe+ 3/32 inch extra=0.09375inch=0.52375 inch will be about 2 complete revolutions. Do not force thebit. When the bit drills thru the pipe the diver can feel it and therewill be a fluctuation in pressure.

Once the diver has drilled thru the pipe 70 stop drilling. Check andrecord the pressure. Advance and retract the bit thru the hole to makesure it is completely cut out to a ¾ inch opening. Watch for metalshavings getting the bit in a bind. If that occurs it is often remediedby pumping water into the Hot tap tool 2000 to flush or move thecuttings.

Once you are sure that the hole has been cut in the pipe 70 and there isa full ¾ inch opening. Secure the hand drill. Back out the bit until itclears the Ball Valve. If the casing 70 is not static, close the Ballvalve. If the Ball valve is closed, bleed off any remaining pressure onthe Hot tap tool 2000 and hose. Disconnect the Test Hose and securesame.

Open the needle valve on the Hot tap tool 2000 to double verify there isno pressure left on it. Remove the Hot tap tool 2000′ and send same tosurface.

If the casing 70 drilled has pressure on it. Install the 1½ inch KillLine and test as needed against the ball valve. Open the Ball valve.Deal with the pressure by pumping in or bleeding off as needed until thecasing is static. If there was no pressure on the casing the Ball valvewas left open.

With the Ball valve Open, remove the Flange Plate 500 by backing out the4—1⅝ inch nuts and send the Flange Plate 500 and Mandrel 2050 assemblyto the surface.

Once the mandrel 2050 assembly has been removed, measure the distancewith the measuring probe thru the ¾″ hole to the tubing string 80.

Normally the OD of the tubing string is known. In this case we have a2⅜″ 4.7#/ft N-80 tubing. When taking the measurement it is never knownfor sure if you are on a collar or not.

Care must be taken here when getting these measurements and selectingthe size of core bit to drill out the tubing. The Hot Tap Tool 2000Supervisor will be able to calculate that and look at the different sizeholes that can be drilled depending on the inner versus outer size pipesand the distance between them. Always calculate the maximum size holethat can be drilled without drilling into the next casing or tubingstring.

7⅝″ casing 70×2⅜″ tubing 80 is found to be centered. Install the bit onthe Articulating drill 1000. Rotate the Articulating drill 1000 intoplace in the front of the Clamp 100. Install two 1⅝″ nuts on the #5 and#7 position studs. Tighten up the 2×1⅝″ nuts installing the Articulatingdrill 1000 into place on the Clamp 100. Hydraulic Hoses were previouslyinstalled to the Drill 1000. Advance the drill bit 1400 until the bittouches the 7⅝″ casing 70. At this time the diver must make sure thatthe drill bit 1400 is lined up on the centerline on the inner string 70of casing. In one embodiment drill bit 1400 is adjustable in multipledirections (advanced in and out along with adjustment to be able to goright or left, along with the ability to pivot). Drill bit 1400 can beturned up to 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 degrees of centerline of clamp100 in order to line up the drill bit 1400 on the centerline of any thetubing string 80 without having to rotate the complete clamp 100 on thedrive pipe 50 and starting over. However, should the diver be unable toline up the drill bit 1400 to the centerline of the inner string 80 thediver should move the Clamp 100 and start over.

Start the drill bit 1400 and make sure it is turning properly. Cut outthe coupon being careful not to cut into the 2⅜″ tubing 80. At this timethe well will look like FIG. 12. Remove the drill bit 1400 and send tothe top. Remove the 2—1⅝″ nuts and rotate the Articulating drill 1000back out of the way and secure same.

The 2⅜″ tubing 80 will have to be tapped to determine if it has anypressure inside of same. The center flange 500 will be used with a 20inch mandrel assembly 2050. When attempting to effect a seal against thetubing 80 it may be necessary to put a back up seal tip 2010′ againstsame to keep the tubing 80 from moving as in FIG. 14.

Test the Teflon seal on the 2⅜″ tubing to 250 pounds per square inchlow/3,500 pounds per square inch High for 5 minutes each test. Thetesting will be done by installing a ¼″ test hose on the end of mandrel2050 with a pressure gauge and bleed off valve. After performing thetest to everyone's satisfaction bleed off the pressures and remove thehose and connection.

Crane to send down the 30 inch stroke hot tap tool 2000′ with a 5⅞″×¾″Bit with a ¾″ cutting insert in the bit.

Make up Hot Tap Tool 2000′ on the mandrel 2050. Install the ¼″ test hoseto the ½″ needle valve with a pressure gauge and bleed off valve. Testthe hot tap tool 2000 against the Teflon seal on the 2⅜″ tubing topounds per square inch low/3,500 pounds per square inch High for 5minutes each test. Bleed off the pressure.

Advance the bit in the hot tap tool 2000′ +/−27½″ until it hits theTeflon seal. Drill out the seal by hand until it makes contact with thepipe 80. Pressure up on the hot tap tool 2000′ and the 2⅜″ tubing seal2010 to 1,500 pounds per square inch. Send down a hand drill and make upthe hydraulic hoses to same.

Drill thru the 2⅜″ tubing 80. When the drill bit goes thru the tubingthe diver will feel it and there will be a fluctuation in the pressure.

Check and record pressure. Advance and retract the bit to make sure itis cut out clean. Secure the hand bit. Back out the bit until it clearsthe Ball Valve. If the tubing 80 is not static close the ball valve.Bleed off any pressure.

Remove clamp 100 and the well is finished.

The following is a list of Reference numerals which are used in thisapplication.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMERALS Reference Number Description  10 system  50first pipe  51 opening  60 second pipe  61 opening  62 annular spacebetween first and second pipes  70 third pipe  71 opening  72 annularspace between second and third pipes  80 fourth pipe or tubing  82annular space between third and fourth pipes  84 interior of fourth pipeor tubing  100 clamp  110 stabilizer system  111 plate  112 plateopening  113 plate opening  114 plate slot  115 annular bearing  116central opening  117 first bearing housing section  118 cavity  119opening  120 opening  121 bolt  122 bolt  123 lever/handle  124lever/handle  125 second bearing housing section  126 internallythreaded opening  127 internally threaded opening  128 upper part  129lower part  130 upper flat surface  131 lower flat surface  132 middleflat surface  133 opening  134 upper flat plate surface  135 lower flatplate surface  136 rear flat plate surface  137 front flat plate surface 138 threaded portion  139 threaded portion  150 chain  200 first plate 210 first side  220 second side  230 main opening  240 plurality ofopenings for supporting compression plate  242 plurality of threadedfasteners  244 plurality of sealing nuts  246 arrow  250 set of footsupport openings  252 second set of foot support openings  260 set offoot support openings  262 second set of foot support openings  270 setof foot support openings  272 second set of foot support openings  280set of foot support openings  282 second set of foot support openings 290 plurality of openings for pivot support bracket  291 bracket  292plurality of openings for pivot support bracket  293 bracket  294 pin 295 plurality of openings for pivot support bracket  296 bracket  297plurality of openings for pivot support bracket  298 bracket  299 pin 300 support opening  302 support opening  304 support opening or slot 306 support opening or slot  350 foot  360 foot  370 foot  380 foot 390 base  392 curved surface  394 traction system  396 traction system 500 compression plate  510 first side  520 second side  530 pluralityof support openings  550 main opening  551 offset from centerline  552arrow  554 arrow  560 tapered area  580 view opening  582 view opening 584 view opening  586 view opening  600 compression plate  700 doublemain opening compression plate  702 first section  703 viewing window 704 second section  705 viewing window  710 first side  720 second side 730 plurality of support openings  750 first main opening  752 taperedarea for first main opening  754 bore  760 second main opening  762tapered area for second main opening  800 swivel nut  802 backing nut 810 first side  814 plurality of sides  820 second side  824 pluralityof sides  830 tapered area  832 flat surface  840 interior  850 threadedarea  854 exterior diameter 1100 articulating drill system 1110 firstarm 1120 second arm 1122 pivot connection between first and second arms1150 base 1152 pivot connection between second arm and base 1160longitudinal track system 1170 handle for longitudinal track system 1200perpendicular track system 1210 handle for perpendicular track system1300 drill motor 1400 cutting tip 1410 arrow 1420 arrow 1500 connectionplate 1502 plurality of openings 1510 pivoting joint between connectionplate and base 1550 quick release/quick lock for pivoting joint 2000 hottapping system 2010 tip 2011 sealing insert material 2012 curved surfaceof sealing insert material 2014 cup for sealing insert 2015 curvedsurface of tip 2016 first end 2017 second end 2018 peripheral recess2020 O-ring seal 2050 barrel 2054 threading 2100 hot tap drill 2110drill bit 2200 arrow 2210 arrow

All measurements disclosed herein are at standard temperature andpressure, at sea level on Earth, unless indicated otherwise. Allmaterials used or intended to be used in a human being arebiocompatible, unless indicated otherwise.

The foregoing embodiments are presented by way of example only; thescope of the present invention is to be limited only by the followingclaims.

1. A system for hot tapping a plurality of nested pipes including anexterior pipe having a bore and at least one interior pipe containedwithin the bore comprising: (a) a hot tap tool guide assembly having anattachment that enables the assembly to be detachably connected to theexterior pipe, the assembly including at least one plate having a plateopening: (b) a hot tapping tool capable of penetrating a selected one ormore of the pipes, the tool including a hot tapping tip; (c) theassembly including a swiveling connection supported next to the plateopening for supporting the hot tapping tip wherein the tip can bearticulated angularly relative to the plate from a line that isgenerally perpendicular to the plate and wherein the tip is extendablethrough the plate opening.
 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the tip isarticulable in three hundred and sixty degrees about a generallycircular path.
 3. The system of claim 1, wherein the tip is connected tothe assembly through the swiveling connection and the swivelingconnection includes a ball and socket joint.
 4. The system of claim 1,wherein the swiveling connection includes a swivel nut mounted on theplate which operatively connects the tip to the assembly and allows theangular articulation of the tip relative to the plate.
 5. The system ofany preceding claim 1, wherein the amount of angular articulation isselectively variable between about 0 and 45 degrees from a line that isgenerally perpendicular to the plate, and can be varied during use ofthe hot tapping tool wherein the tip extends through the plate opening.6. The system of claim 1, wherein the assembly includes a compressionplate and swivel nut, the swivel nut being connected through a ball andsocket joint to the compression plate, the swivel nut being threadablyconnected to a mandrel, and the tip being connected to the mandrel, sothat rotation of the mandrel relative to the swivel nut in a firstdirection causes movement of the mandrel towards the interior of theassembly, and relative rotation of the mandrel relative to the swivelnut in a second direction causes movement of the mandrel away from theinterior of the assembly.
 7. The system of claim 6, wherein the plateincludes a plurality of viewing windows.
 8. The system of claim 6,wherein the attachment of the hot tap tool guide assembly includes aclamp that enables the assembly to be detachably connected to theexterior pipe and wherein the swivel nut is eccentrically mounted on theplate so that rotation of the plate causes linear movement of the swivelnut relative to the clamp.
 9. The system of claim 6, wherein theattachment of the hot tap tool guide assembly includes a clamp thatenables the assembly to be detachably connected to the exterior pipe andwherein the swivel nut is eccentrically mounted on the plate so thatrotation of the plate causes a relative change in position of the swivelnut relative to the clamp.
 10. The system of claim 1, wherein there arestraps attached to the plate that enable the plate to be secured to thepipe, wherein the straps hold the plate to the pipe.
 11. A method oftapping hot tapping a plurality of nested pipes, the nested pipesincluding interior and exterior pipes, the method comprising the stepsof (a) connecting a clamp to the exterior pipe; (b) connecting a hottapping tool to the clamp, the hot tapping tool including a tip; (c)angularly adjusting the hot tapping tool in relation to one of thenested pipes from a line that is generally perpendicular to the pipebeing tapped, and (d) hot tapping at least one of the nested pipes. 12.The method of claim 11, wherein in step “a”, the clamp is detachablyconnected to the exterior pipe, and the clamp including a swivelingconnection for a hot tapping tip wherein the tip can be articulatedangularly from a line that is generally perpendicular to the exterior ofthe pipe.
 13. The method of claim 11, wherein the tip is articulable inthree hundred and sixty degrees about a circle.
 14. The method of claim11, wherein the tip is connected to the clamp through a ball and socketjoint.
 15. The method of claim 11, wherein the clamp includes a swivelnut which operatively connects the tip to the clamp and allows theangular articulation of the tip.
 16. The method of claim 11, wherein theamount of angular articulation is between about 0 and 45 degrees from aline that is generally perpendicular to the exterior of the pipe. 17.The method of claim 11, wherein the clamp includes a compression platewhich provides a longitudinal force on the hot tap tool to compress thetip of the hot tapping tool, and swivel nut, the swivel nut beingconnected through a ball and socket joint to the compression plate, theswivel nut being threadably connected to a mandrel, and the tip beingconnected to the mandrel, such that rotation of the mandrel relative tothe swivel nut in a first direction causes movement of the mandreltowards the interior of the clamp, and relative rotation of the mandrelrelative to the swivel nut in a second direction causes movement of themandrel away from the interior of the clamp.
 18. The method of claim 17,wherein the plate includes at least one viewing window.
 19. The methodof claim 17, wherein the plate includes a plurality of viewing windows.20. The method of claim 11, wherein the clamp has angular adjustment ofthe tapping tool both up and down and side to side, in a sphericalmanner.